The Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) urged the National Police Service to embrace intelligence-led operations, deploy modern technology and strengthen community policing as Kenya braces for a potentially volatile political season ahead of the 2027 General Election.
During a meeting with the National Assembly Committee on Administration and Internal Security at Sarova Whitesands Hotel in Mombasa, IPOA officials and lawmakers raised concerns over rising political tensions, police accountability, and the delicate balance between enforcing law and safeguarding human rights.
IPOA Commissioner Jackline Mwenesi placed responsibility squarely on the political class. She warned that leaders must take charge in cooling tensions as the country edges closer to an electioneering period.
“The buck stops with the political class to lower the temperatures,” she said, cautioning against unnecessary pressure on the police.
“With all honesty, the police are not overwhelmed.”
Her remarks came as lawmakers pressed IPOA to explain its response to recent incidents of alleged police misconduct during politically charged events.
Lari MP Mburu Kahangara cited the incident involving the former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua at ACK Watima in Nyeri, where officers were seen firing at parked vehicles and smashing windscreens.
“This is something already in the public domain,” Kahangara said.
“Has anything been done to establish the command structure and officers involved? Such actions give a bad name not just to the police but to the government as well.”
In response, IPOA Chief Executive Officer Elema Halakhe said the authority had launched both monitoring and investigative processes into the incident. He added that they encountered challenges in obtaining accurate deployment records.
“We made significant progress, but we are yet to establish which officers were deployed,” Halakhe said. “The information provided did not match what we found on the ground.”
Halake noted that IPOA had recommended institutionalizing intelligence-led policing to anticipate such incidents, alongside strengthening community policing and enhancing training in crowd management and human rights.
“There is a need for refresher training, especially as we approach 2027. In that incident, the police were least prepared,” he said.
Lawmakers repeatedly stressed the need for proactive policing. Sotik MP Julius Sigei called on IPOA to move beyond reactive oversight and anticipate emerging threats.
“I would like to see IPOA being more proactive, looking at possible scenarios and deploying technology accordingly,” Sigei said, warning of large-scale unrest similar to past incidents where crowds overwhelmed security agencies.
The discussion also turned to the use of force by police officers. The committee Vice Chairperson and Saku MP Dido Rasso questioned how IPOA defines “legitimate use of force” in an increasingly charged political environment.
Rasso warned that Kenya’s electoral history suggests heightened tensions in 2027 due to incumbency dynamics, potentially leading to increased protests and police engagement.
“What is your projection based on this history?” he asked. He also added that leadership both political and institutional, must take responsibility to prevent chaos.
IPOA officials acknowledged the concern, revealing that the authority is already modelling election-related scenarios to improve preparedness.
“We are studying historical patterns and projecting possible outcomes to better prepare,” Halakhe said, adding that police must act decisively where leaders incite disorder.
On technology, both officials backed the adoption of tools such as drones, body cameras, and CCTV systems. They said these tools would enhance transparency and accountability.
Teso North MP Oku Kaunya, however, cautioned that drones may not be effective in spontaneous incidents. For instance, sudden attacks by goons.
“In unpredictable situations, by the time you deploy a drone, the damage may already be done,” he noted.
IPOA Commissioner Dr. Annette Mudola Mbogo clarified that drone deployment would be intelligence-led. She added that it will be primarily used in planned public order situations.
“It will be suitable for monitoring planned events, but less effective in spontaneous incidents,” she said, adding that a legal and data protection framework would be required for its use.
The authority also endorsed the use of body cameras and CCTV systems in police stations. They noted that technological evidence is harder to manipulate and could strengthen investigations.
Narok West MP Gabriel Tongoyo, who chairs the committee sought assurance on the rollout of body cameras.
“From where you sit as IPOA, what is your position on the intended use of body cameras and drones by the police?” Tongoyo posed.
Meanwhile, Homabay Town MP Peter Kaluma raised concerns about balancing oversight with operational efficiency. He warned that excessive scrutiny could lead to police hesitation during critical moments.
“If you allow police lethargy, we risk losing the state,” Kaluma said, referencing past incidents where restraint prevented greater loss of life.
He also questioned the management of compensation for victims of human rights violations, warning against fraudulent claims.
IPOA confirmed that they had already submitted a verified list of victims to the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights. A move meant to support the compensation processes.
“We are not leading the compensation process, but we have provided verified data on deaths and injuries,” he said.
IPOA also flagged a persistent gap in the police-to-citizen ratio, noting that Kenya has yet to meet recommended standards.
To bridge the gap, the authority called for enhanced public cooperation and, where necessary, coordinated deployment of other security agencies.
IPOA Commissioner Kenwilliam Nyakomitah also addressed concerns that officers fear accountability mechanisms, clarifying that lawful use of force remains protected.
“If an officer acts within the law, there should be no fear,” he said. He added that many cases under investigation involve individual criminal conduct rather than public order policing.
The meeting comes at a time of heightened scrutiny of policing in Kenya. There have been rising reports of political violence, gender-based killings involving security officers, and public mistrust.
Nakuru Woman Representative Liza Chelule urged IPOA to follow up on cases where police officers allegedly killed their spouses. She called for justice for affected families.
